Wrench



(No Model.)

J. G. LESLIE.

WRENCH.

No. 350,935. Patented Oct. 19, 1886.

WITNESSES INVBNTOR 3 MM BY m ATTORNEYS.

)ATFNT FFICEQ JAMES GILLBREATH LESLIE, OF OREGON, ILLINOIS.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 350,935, dated \Cctober 19, 1886.

Application filed March 9, 1886. Serial No. 194,558. (No model.)

To all whom, it 17mg concern:

Be it known that I, J .iirEs GILL'B'REATH Lns- LIE, of Oregon, in the county of Ogle and State of Illinois, have invented a new and Improved \Vrench, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to wrenches. and has for its object to provide a wrench of simple, inexpensive, and durable construction, and adapted to grip and turn square or round objects of various sizes, such as nuts and pipes or shafts, and adapted also for use as a vise.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts of the wrench, all as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of my improved wrench with the movable parts in locked position, as when grasping an object. Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the wrench with the moving parts unlocked from the main wrenchbar, as when adjusting the movable jaw of the tool; and

- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation taken on the line 00 :0, Fig. 1.

The fixed jaw A of the wrench is fixed to the main bar B, on which the movable jaw C is fitted to slide, and to the jaw O is fixed a shank, D, which extends backward along the main bar B, and has a lug, (Z, also fitted to slide on the bar B.

Between the movable jaw G and the guidelug (Z of shank D there is placed loosely on the main bar B a grip-plate, E, having lugs e c for the passage of a strong p1.n,f, by which the locking-lever F is pivoted to the end of the grip-plate, and to the forward end of the short arm f of lever F there are pivoted on a pin, g, the one ends of a pair of links, G G, which extend diagonally backward and across the main bar B, and at their back ends are connected pivotally with a pin, g, which crosses a recess, 72, made in the back end of the shank D of the movable jaw C, said pin 9 being held in slots d, made in the opposite sides of shank D and ranging lengthwise of the shank. (See Fig. 1.)

In the recess h of shank D, and in front of the cross-pin 1 there is placed a plate, H, between which and the base of the recess there is placed a spring, preferably an open spiral spring, I. which holds the pin 9 normally back against a cap-plate or cover, h, fitted over the recess h. (See Fig. 2.)

In a recess or slot, (2, formed at the inner edge of the shank D there is placed a spiral spring, J, within which is placed the stem k of a push-pin, K, which normally is forced forward by the spring J against the inner cross-bar, c, of the grip-plate E, and conse quently tends to force the bar 6 forward toward the wrenclrjaw O. The edge or corner 1 of the grip-plate cross-bar e and the edge or corner 2 of the opposite cross-bar, e", of the grip-plate bite the main wrench-bar to hold the movable jaw O to its work, as presently explained. The lockinglever F has opposite side fianges,f, which overlap on opposite sides of the main bar B when the wrench is adj usted in operative position, and thereby prevent twisting of the lever or of the parts G G E by the grip or force. of the hand on the lever in using the tool. The wrench jaws A 0 have opposing plain faces (a c at their one ends for gripping nuts, plates, or other flat-faced articles and at their other ends the jawshave opposing toothed faces a 0, adapted to grip pipes, shafts, or other round or irregularlyshaped articles.

The operation of the wrench is as follows: IVhen the locking-lever F is raised and swung forward, as in Fig. 2, the cross-bar e of gripplate E will be thrown forward, and the corners 1 2 of plate E will not grip the main bar B of the tool, and the movable jaw O, shank D, links G G, grip-plate E, and lever F, with attached minor parts, may be instantly moved either way along the main barB to set the jaw G at any desired distance from the fixed jaw A of the wrench to accommodate the work. \Vhen the locking-lever F is lowered again to the main bar B, as in Fig. 1, the first effect is to throw the bar e of grip-plate E backward,

while the bar 6 of said plate is retained in forward position by the spring-pressed pushpin K; consequently the grip-plate E will be canted backward to cause its gripping-corners 1 2 to bite the opposite edges of the main bar B and hold the jaw C securely against backthrust when the tool is used. As the lever F comes to rest against the back end of the main bar B, the pivot f, connecting the lever to the grip-plate E, passes beyond an imaginary straight line between the opposite end pivots, g g, of the links G G, whereby the lever F is securely locked against the bar B, and any force exerted on or by the jaws A B and tending to push the jaw O away from the jaw A can operate only to lock the lever F more securely to the bar B, and the same force is transmitted through the links G G and the short arm f of the lever to cause the gripplate E to bite all the harder on the main bar- B; hence the wrench will'stand well-to its work. .While the lever F is being brought down to locking position the jaw G will ordinarily be moved gradually toward the fixed jaw A; and in order to compensate for this movement and prevent breakage of the parts of the wrench should the jaw O for any reason not have a chance to move forward after the plate E has firmly gripped the main bar B, the links G G will, by their pivot 9, moving in slots d, draw the plate H forward and compress the spring I, and said spring will receive its maximum compression about at the time the lever Fsettles down to full locking position against the main bar B. It is obvious that the push-pin K may be dispensed with, as the outer end of the spring J may act directly on the gripplate E. The plate H may also be dispensed with, as the pivot-ping may act directly on the spring I; but the pin K and plate H are 7 preferred in practice. .The forward movement of thejaw 0 along the main bar Bas the lever F is brought down to locking position adapts the tool for use as a vise for clamping and holding a variety of work. The opposite edges of the main bar B, whereon the gripplate E bites, may be serrated, corrugated, or roughened "in any approved way to facilitate prompt action of the grip-plate on the bar, and the serrated bar will be preferable for wrenches intendedjor large heavy work. Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent w 1. The combination, in a wrench, of ajaw,

A, a main bar, B, to which jaw A is fixed, a movable jaw, 0, having a shank, D, and fitted on bar B, a tilting gripplate, E, placedloosely on and adapted to bite the bar B, a lockinglever, F, pivoted at f to plate E and extended beyond the plate in a short arm, f, and links G, pivoted at g to the arm f of lever F and at g to the shank D, substantially as and for the purposes herein setforth.

2. The combination, in a wrench, ofajaw, A, a main bar, B, to which jaw A is fixed, a movable jaw, 0, having a shank, D, and fitted on bar B, a tilting grip-plate, E, placed loosely on and adapted to bite the bar B, a spring device, as at J K, fitted in the shank D and adapted to force forward the inner bar, 0', of plate E, a locking-lever, F, pivoted at f to plate E and extended beyond the plate in a short arm, f, and links G, pivoted at gto thearm f of lever F and at g to the shank D, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The combination, in a wrench, of ajaw, A, a main bar, B, to which jaw A is fixed, a movable jaw, 0, having a shank, D, and fitted 0n bar B, a tilting gripplate, E, placed loosely on and adapted to fit the bar B, a locking-lever, F', pivoted at f to the plate E and extended beyond'the plate in a short arm,f!, links G. pivoted at g to the arm f of lever F and at g to the shank D, said pivot g passing through slots 01' of the shank, and a yielding support, as at H 1', fitted in the shank and adapted to be compressed by the pivot-pin g as the lever F is brought to locking position substantially as herein set forth.

4. The combination, in a wrench, of ajaw, A, a main bar, B, to which jaw A is fixed, a movable jaw, 0, having a shank, D, and fitted on bar B. a tilting grip-plate, E, placedloosely on and adapted to bite the bar B, a spring device, as at J K, fittedin the shank D and adapted to force forward the inner bar, 6', of plate E, a locking-lever, F, pivoted atf to plate E andextended beyond the plate in a short arm, f, links G, pivoted at g to the arm f of lever F and at g to the shank D, said pivot g passing through slots d of the shank,

and a yielding support, as at H I, fitted in the shank and adapted to be compressed by the pin g as the lever F is brought to locking position, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

JAMES GILLBREATH LESLIE.

Witnesses:

M. MERVIN, NATHANIEL MITCHELL. 

